31st FIELD REGIMENT, ROYAL CANADIAN ARTILLERY

    Organization.—The Regiment originated on 1st April, 1942, when Headquarters, 31st (Reserve) Field Regiment, was organized andallotted to 31st (Reserve) Brigade Group. The unit was then com-posed of the 16th, l2th/55th and 26th/48th (Reserve) Field Batteries. On 15th May, 1943, the 29th (Reserve) Field Battery was substituted for the 26th/48th, and on 1st July, 1943, the 97th (Reserve) (Bruce) Field Battery replaced the l2th/55th. On 1st April, 1946, the 31st Field Regiment was reorganized with its present complement of batteries. These are older than the Headquarters of the unit and have seen active service.

26TH FIELD BATTERY
     Early History and Organization.—The unit was originally organized as the 27th "Lambton" Battalion of Infantry on 14th September, 1866, "St. Clair Borderers" being added to the unit title on 1st March, 1872. Redesignated 27th Lambton Regiment "St. Clair Borderers" on 8th May, 1900, it became The Lambton Regiment upon reorganization on 1st October, 1920. The Regiment was disbanded on 14th December, 1936, to be reorganized the next day in three different units, one of which was the 26th (Lambton) Field Battery. On 1st April, 1942, it was re-designated 26th/48th (Reserve) Field Battery. Converted to an anti-aircraft role on 15th May, 1943, it became the 26th (Reserve) Anti-Aircraft Battery. On 1st April, 1946, it adopted its present designation upon reversion to a field battery.
      On 1st September, 1939, the 26th Field Battery was mobilized at Sarnia, Ont. Early in November, 1939, it moved to Guelph, Ont., where it trained until the 4th Field Regiment, of which it was part, was concentrated at Petawawa on 24th May, 1940. The Regiment embarked for the United Kingdom on 22nd August, 1940. Twenty-three members of the Regiment, thirteen of whom were from 26th Field Battery, served in the Dieppe Raid of 19th August, 1942. As a unit of the divisional artillery of the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division it landed in Normandy on 7th July, 1944, and saw its first action at Carpiquet five days later. It subsequently took part in the drive towards Falaise and the clearing of the Scheldt Estuary. After spending the winter months in the Nijmegen salient, it participated in the Battle of the Rhineland (February-March, 1945) and in the final operations in North-East Holland and North-West Germany. The 4th Field Regiment was disbanded on 19th September, 1945.

48TH FIELD BATTERY
      Early History and Organization.—Altbough authorized on 2nd February, 1920, this Battery was not organized until 15th December, 1936, at Watford, Ont. It was allotted to the 7th Field Brigade, Royal Canadian Artillery, and designated 48th Field Battery (Howitzer). Its present title was adopted on 1st April, 1946.
The unit was mobilized on 18th March, 1942, as the 48th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery. The unit trained in Petawawa, Ont., before moving to British Columbia, where it served in Vancouver and on Victoria Island under Headquarters, Pacific Command. The Battery was disbanded on 3rd January, 1945.

63rd (MIDDLESEX) FIELD BATTERY
     Early History and Organization.—The unit was originally organized on 14th September, 1866, as the 30th "Wellington" Battalion of Rifles, with Headquarters at Guelph, Ont. On 8th May, 1900, it became the 30th Regiment "Wellington Rifles". Reorganized as The Wellington Rifles on 15th November, 1920, it was further redesignated The Wellington Regiment on 15th February, 1931. The Regiment was disbanded on 30th June, 1936, to be reorganized the next day as Royal Canadian Artillery units, one of them being the 63rd Field Battery, allotted to the 11th Field Brigade. On 1st July, 1943, it was converted and redesignated 63rd (Reserve) Anti-Aircraft Battery. On 1st April, 1946, upon reversion to its field role, it adopted its present designation.
      The Battery was mobilized at Guelph, Ont., on 29th January, 1941, as a sub-unit of the 19th Field Regiment. In December, 1941, the Regiment was concentrated at Camp Borden, Ont., where it trained until it moved to British Columbia on 1st June, 1942, to strengthen the coastal defences in Pacific Command. On 15th November, 1942, it moved back east to Petawawa, where, on 15th May, 1943, it became a seW-propelled field regiment. On 21st July, 1943, the unit embarked for the United Kingdom, where it became the 19th Army Field Regiment on 18th October, 1943. It landed in Normandy on 0 Day, 6th June, 1944, attached as an additional field regiment to the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division, which it supported from the landing beaches to the capture of Caen. On 11th July, 1944, the unit returned to the command of 2nd Army Group, Royal Canadian Artillery. Subsequently the unit partlcl-pated in the break-through south of Caen, the encirclement at the Falaise Gap,~ the pursuit across the Seine and into Belgium, and the clearing of the Scheldt Estuary. The unit also saw action in the Battle of the Rhineland (February-March, 1945) and in the final operations in North-East Holland and North-West Germany. During this campaign in North-West Europe, the Regiment came under command or in support of no less than fourteen different divisions and two independent armoured brigades of 21st ArmyGroup. The 19th Army Field Regiment was disbanded on 16th November, 1945.

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